Twenty-four healthy guieapigs were infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37 RV strain) and were divided into sets. A and B. Animals of set A were exposed to Rifampicin mlst (1%) for one minute and that of set B to propylene glycol. Weekly weight was recorded for six weeks or in between if guineapigs died. Loss of weight was more marked in guineapigs of set B. Animals of set A had either no pathological lesion or lesser extent of tuberculosis than that of set B. All the guineapigs set A survived for six weeks whereas it was 50% in set B. Rifampicin aerosol therapy is effective in protecting tuberculous lesions in experimentally induced tuberculosis.

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Patients of bronchial asthma were randomly divided into two groups. Group A patients received salbutamol inhaler while group B patients were put on salbutamol rotahaler. Nine out of 34 patients in Group A failed to use their inhalers correctly but only two out of 35 patients in group B could not use their rotahalers correctly (p<0.001). The time taken to learn the procedure was 18.6 ± 5.4 and 10.2 ± 3.7 minutes respectively in the compliant patients of the two groups. (p<0.001). The mean rise in PEFR was similar for the two delivery systems in the compliant patients i.e. 111.4 ± 26.5 lit/min for group A and 121.8 ± 22.2 lit/min for group B (p>0.005). Salbutamol rotahaler thus should replace the salbutamol inhaler.

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Beta lactamase activity was measured in sputum samples from patients with bronchopulmonary infections. Of the 44 sputum samples screened, 26 were postive for Beta lactamase by the quantitative assay. Aerobic cultures of the 26 positive samples organisms such as Klebslella (nine), Staphylococcus auresus (six), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (two), Streptococcus pyogenes (four) Nelsseria spp. (nine) Candida spp. (eight) and Streptococcus viridans (one) among which only 17 strains of pathogenic bacteria were found to produced b lactamase. Hence sources of sputum b lactamase may be bacteria which are not considered to be conventionally pathogenic and they may contribute to the disease process by the mechanism of “indirect pathogenicity�.

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Pulmonary disability enhances the risk of postoperative respiratory morbidity. A systematic approach to identify subjects with such disability, characterize the nature of pulmonary compromise and steps to correct reversible aspects of the impalrment are essential in order to minimize postoperative morbidity. In this context, preoperative interactions between the surgeon, physician and anaesthetist are of crucial importance.

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Pulmonary hydatid disease is by now a well recognized and frequently diagnosed entity in India (1). Apart from the usual presentation of well demarcated rounded cyst, seen in the skiagram chest, the diseases can have different clinical and radiological presentations. In such situations the differentiation from other pulmonary conditions which do not require surgical intervention has to be made by other test and follow-up in these cases. We report here a case of recurrent pneumonitis due to hydatid disease which was suspected preoperatively and treated surgically

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A case of Thiacetazone induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome, who has become handicapped due to multiple ocular complications is being reported and its implications discussed.

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Acute exposure to chlorine induced cough and vomiting. Throat irritation and dyspnoea were reported in the majority. Hypoxia in seven, mild hypercarbia in three and mild acidosis were seen in seven victims. Spirometry was normal in 24 hours. All recovered in four days.

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Most of the chronic pulmonary tuberculosis patients usually take asylum Tuberculosis Hospitals as the last resort to have their lungs sterllised from M. tuberculosis. Govt.Hospital of Thoracic Medicine, Tambaram, Madras, offers its vast experienced in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with recurring treatment failures. Medical salvage in those patients is essentially restricted to prevent any further progression of the disease and to sterllise the damaged lungs from drug resistant tubercle bacilli. Salvage medication is planned scientifically to meet the requirements of each patient. 87% patients had sputum conversion at the end of six months chemotherapy. All the 100 patients remained culture negative for M. tuberculosis after nine months of treatment.

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